Fig. 4: Arctic sea ice volume budgets and spatial patterns (1956–1980) under different forcing agents in CESM1.
From: Distinct impacts of diverse forcing agents on Arctic sea ice since the mid-twentieth century
a Left: integrated annual and ensemble mean Arctic sea ice volume tendency terms for the period 1956–1980, with the left y-axis representing values under historical climate forcings (HIST: black bars) and the right y-axis showing the relative contributions from well-mixed greenhouse gases (GHGs: orange bars), anthropogenic aerosols (AAER: blue bars), and biomass burning (BMB: green bars). Note that values on the right y-axis are scaled down by a factor of 10 compared to the left y-axis. Right: the net sea ice volume tendency under HIST (black), GHGs (orange), AAER (blue), and BMB (green) forcings. Annual and ensemble mean net sea ice volume tendencies (shading in 10−2 km3 month−1) caused by b HIST, c GHGs, d AAER, and e BMB forcings.
