Fig. 1: Evolution of SSTAs during the NEP MHWs.

Composite SSTAs (shading; unit: K) at leads of a 6, b 3 days, c peak day, lags of d 3, e 6, and f 9 days. Stippling indicates statistically significant (p < 0.1) results based on a two-tailed Student’s t-test. The green boxes indicate the MHW study area.