Fig. 6: Global HONO and NOx fluxes emerging from photochemistry of NPM and their impacts on tropospheric HONO and ozone burden for year 2017.

A, B shows the emissions for HONO and NOx, respectively. Emissions are estimated based on equation S1 and reanalysis data of downward solar radiation. Global total emissions are shown inset. C, D shows the relative change of tropospheric HONO and ozone due to NPM emissions, estimated by GEOS-Chem global chemical transport model in two scenarios with and without NPM emissions. Figure S19 shows the change of HONO and ozone in absolute values.