Table 1 Baseline patients characteristics
From: Integrated multicenter deep learning system for prognostic prediction in bladder cancer
|  | CMUFH (n = 887) | CMUSH | YCH | TCGA-BLCA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | training (n = 621) | validation (n = 266) | (n = 113) | (n = 108) | (n = 375) |
Age | |||||
 ≤60 years | 207 (33.3%) | 70 (26.3%) | 21 (18.6%) | 29 (26.9%) | 102 (27.2%) |
 61–70 years | 219 (35.3%) | 96 (36.1%) | 45 (39.8%) | 45 (41.7%) | 113 (30.1%) |
 71–80 years | 158 (25.4%) | 80 (30.1%) | 37 (32.7%) | 24 (22.2%) | 121 (32.3%) |
 >80 years | 37 (6.0%) | 20 (7.5%) | 10 (8.8%) | 10 (9.3%) | 39 (10.4%) |
Gender | |||||
 Male | 516 (83.1%) | 216 (81.2%) | 93 (82.3%) | 91 (84.3%) | 280 (74.7%) |
 Female | 105 (16.9%) | 50 (18.8%) | 20 (17.7%) | 17 (15.7%) | 95 (25.3%) |
Pathological T stage | |||||
 (Ta, T0, Tis) | 84 (13.5%) | 21(12%) | 10 (8.8%) | 17 (15.7%) | 1 (0.3%) |
 Tx | 172 (27.7%) | 80 (30.1%) | 32 (28.3%) | 53 (49.1%) | 1 (0.3%) |
 T1 | 157 (25.3%) | 53 (19.9%) | 28 (24.8%) | 11 (10.2%) | 3 (0.8%) |
 T2 | 116 (18.7%) | 58 (21.8%) | 17 (15.0%) | 16 (14.8%) | 111 (29.6%) |
 T3 | 74 (11.9%) | 29 (10.9%) | 16 (14.2%) | 8 (7.4%) | 180 (48%) |
 T4 | 18 (2.9%) | 14 (5.3%) | 10 (8.8%) | 3 (2.8%) | 53 (14.1%) |
 Not reported | – | – | – | – | 26 (6.9%) |
Pathological N stage | |||||
 N0 | 199 (32.0%) | 92 (34.6%) | 76 (67.3%) | 18 (16.7%) | 216 (57.6%) |
 N+ | 21 (3.4%) | 12 (4.5%) | 8 (7.1%) | 3 (2.8%) | 119 (31.8%) |
 Nx | 401 (64.6%) | 162 (60.9%) | 29 (25.7%) | 87 (80.6%) | 35 (9.3%) |
 Not reported | – | – | – | – | 5 (1.3%) |
Pathological M stage | |||||
 M0 | 16 (2.6%) | 7 (2.6%) | 82 (72.6%) | 6 (5.6%) | 173 (46.1%) |
 M1 | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (0.4%) | 1 (0.9%) | – | 9 (2.4%) |
 Mx | 604 (97.3%) | 258 (97.0%) | 30 (26.5%) | 102 (94.4%) | 191 (50.9%) |
 Not reported | – | – | – | – | 2 (0.5%) |
Grade | |||||
 High | 426 (68.6%) | 192 (72.2%) | 74 (65.5%) | 55 (50.9%) | 353 (94.1%) |
 Low | 195 (31.4%) | 72 (27.1%) | 33 (29.2%) | 50 (46.3%) | 20 (5.3%) |
 Not reported | -- | 2 (0.8%) | 6 (5.3%) | 3 (2.8%) | 2 (0.5%) |
Location | |||||
 Trigone of bladder | 138 (22.2%) | 46 (17.3%) | 31 (27.4%) | 39 (36.1%) | 21 (5.6%) |
 Lateral wall of bladder | 174 (28.0%) | 80 (30.1%) | 36 (31.9%) | 36 (33.3%) | 55 (14.7%) |
 Posterior wall of bladder | 118 (19.0%) | 43 (16.2%) | 11 (9.7%) | 14 (13.0%) | 45 (12.0%) |
 Anterior wall of bladder | 60 (9.7%) | 23 (8.6%) | 12 (10.6%) | 13 (12.0%) | 17 (4.5%) |
 Dome of bladder | 5 (0.8%) | 1 (0.4%) | 3 (2.7%) | 3 (2.8%) | 10 (2.7%) |
 Bladder neck | 4 (0.6%) | 2 (0.8%) | – | – | 1 (0.3%) |
 Multiple areas | 33 (5.3%) | 16 (6.0%) | 2 (1.8%) | 3 (2.8%) | – |
 Bladder, not otherwise specified | 89 (14.3%) | 55 (20.7%) | 18 (15.9%) | – | 226 (60.3%) |
Calcification* | |||||
 Present | 71 (11.4%) | 35 (13.2%) | 28 (24.8%) | 23 (21.3%) | Missing |
 Absent | 550 (88.6%) | 231 (86.8%) | 85 (75.2%) | 85 (78.7%) | Missing |
Tumor size* | |||||
 <1 cm | 97 (15.6%) | 34 (12.8%) | 25 (22.1%) | 10 (9.3%) | Missing |
 1–3 cm | 299 (48.1%) | 108 (40.6%) | 37 (32.7%) | 53 (49.1%) | Missing |
 3–5 cm | 137 (22.1%) | 77 (28.9%) | 33 (29.2%) | 28 (25.9%) | Missing |
 > 5 cm | 88 (14.2%) | 47 (17.7%) | 18 (15.9%) | 17 (15.7%) | Missing |
Lymphovascular invasion | |||||
 Present | 39 (6.3%) | 12 (4.5%) | 13 (11.5%) | 8 (7.4%) | 136 (36.3%) |
 Absent | 365 (58.8%) | 156 (58.6%) | 71 (62.8%) | 32 (29.6%) | 120 (32.0%) |
 Not reported | 217 (34.9%) | 98 (36.8%) | 29 (25.7%) | 68 (63.0%) | 119 (31.7%) |
 OS (median [IQR]) | 30.50 [12.70, 66.40] | 29.45 [13.00, 58.42] | 15.30 [5.30, 37.40] | 23.10 [11.20, 44.88] | 18.00 [11.10, 31.45] |
