Fig. 2: Causal relationships between urological cancers.
From: Comprehensive genomic insights into the genetic causality and comorbidity in urological cancers
A Forest plot of results from bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis between urological cancers. The IVW method was identified as the primary analysis method. A P-value less than 0.05 was assigned as the threshold of significance. B, C Scatter plots for the effects of prostate cancer (PCa) on testicular (TC) and kidney cancer (KC). D, E Results of CAUSE analyses for the effects of PCa on TC and KC. It showed the probability that each variant acts through the sharing factor in “Sharing and Causal Model”, and the contribution of each variant to the expected log-pointwise predictive density (ELPD) test. The association between PCa and TC presented a superior fit with the “sharing model”, while a “cause model” proved to be better-fitted for the effects of PCa on KC. IVW inverse-variance weighted, OR odds ratio.
