Fig. 4: Potential therapeutic drugs targeting ORMDL3 and PARP14 in CRC.

A Classification of identified targets and multi-omics analysis. ORMDL3 and PARP14 were identified as Level 1 targets, having passed all analyses. KCNA3, RPL28, and NDUFA12, which failed the bulk RNA-seq analysis, were classified as Level 2 targets. The remaining genes, identified exclusively through MR, Coloc, and SMR analyses, were designated as Level 3 targets. Check marks indicate successful completion of the corresponding analysis; Cross marks indicate failure, and combined symbols denote partial fulfillment of analysis conditions. B Dendrogram illustrating the top potential therapeutic compounds targeting ORMDL3 and PARP14 in CRC, along with their mechanisms of action. These target-drug pairs exhibit strong binding affinities, with binding energies below −7 kcal/mol. C–F The molecular docking diagrams of example pairs show hydrogen bond interactions. TA: taurodeoxycholic-acid.