Fig. 2: Basic principles for power generation.
From: Salinity gradient induced blue energy generation using two-dimensional membranes
a, b Schematic diagram of the typical nanofluidic RED setup used to harvest the energy from the salinity gradient and the corresponding I–V characteristics. Nanopores created on the 2D materials can act as ion exchange membranes, which are used to separate the high-concentration and low-concentration solutions. The I–V curve is offset about the origin due to the osmotic potential originating from the concentration gradient. These offset values of current and voltage are used to calculate the power. c The schematic representation of EDL covering inside the nanopore for overlapped EDL and non-overlapped EDL cases and their corresponding concentration, potential and velocity profile inside the pores. The thickness of EDL solely depends on the bulk concentration of the solution and is related through Eq. (6). c Adapted with permission from ref. 65. CC BY-NC-SA 4.0.
