Fig. 4: Step-flow growth mechanism.

a Tapping mode AFM phase and b topography of h10BN grown on H2-etched h11BN for 4 h. c–e Lateral force microscopy (LFM) images of the hBN lattice acquired at the blue, green and pink points, respectively, indicated in (a). The lattice contrast has been enhanced by 2D-FFT filtering. Note that the LFM images are scanned at a 90° angle relative to the tapping mode image in (a). This corresponds to a scan direction perpendicular to the length of the cantilever, which maximises the lateral force signal. Scale bars are a, b 1 μm, c–e 2 nm.