Fig. 5: Coalescence in liquid or gas filled mono- and few-layer 2D material domes.
From: Nanoscale engineering of non-uniform biaxially strained domes
a Time evolution of different kinds of single and double liquid filled nanobubbles. Images obtained via TEM showing vanishing, stable, Ostwald ripening-like merging process and coalescing bubbles104. b, c Analysis of a single nanobubble showing the average radius and internal pressure changes of vanishing (b) and stable nanobubbles with time (c)104. d Time evolution of radius of growing (red), vanishing (blue) nanobubble and measured inter-bubble distance104. e Calculated internal pressure range of Ostwald ripening nanobubbles104. f Schematic illustration of a H2 filled joint bi-dome formation via proton irradiation97. g SHG mapping of joint bi-domes, the 1 L dome was deliberately burst using AFM indentation, whilst the 2 L and 3 L domes survived. After the bursting of the 1 L dome (right), a 2 L region and a 1 L region coexist over the 2 L dome’s surface, simultaneously97. h Side- and top-view schematic showing the configuration of the layers in a joint bi-dome after bursting. i Histogram of variant Plateau’s law in bi-dome gas filled WS2 domes97. j Histogram of variant Plateau’s law in tri-dome gas filled WS2 domes97. k AFM image of a WS2 tri-dome system, consisting of 1 L, 2 L and 3 L domes joint together97. l Stiffness mapping image of the tri-dome configuration given in (k)97.
