Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study population
Chronic Disease Groups | Control Groups | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Arrhythmia | Chronic Airway Disease | Stroke | Higher Air Pollution Exposed | Older People | |
(N = 97) | (N = 19) | (N = 20) | (N = 20) | (N = 19) | (N = 19) | |
Sex (male) | 59 (60.82) | 13 (68.42) | 17 (85.00) | 13 (65.00) | 7 (36.84) | 9 (47.97) |
Age (year) | 65.52 (12.04) | 65.42 (9.72) | 59.55 (16.38) | 62.15 (12.40) | 69.53 (10.47) | 71.42 (4.25) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.50 (3.67) | 25.65 (2.61) | 23.78 (2.56) | 24.58 (2.72) | 25.63 (3.31) | 22.91 (5.76) |
Smoking (yes) | 11 (11.34) | 2 (10.53) | 2 (10.00) | 1 (5.00) | 4 (21.05) | 2 (10.53) |
Alcohol consumption (yes) | 46 (47.42) | 8 (42.11) | 11 (55.00) | 7 (35.00) | 11 (57.89) | 9 (47.37) |
METs | 160.81 (100.18) | 208.03 (135.87) | 162.47 (106.51) | 122.55 (101.45) | 155.34 (66.57) | 157.59 (61.37) |
Hypertension (yes) | 52 (53.61) | 12 (63.16) | 9 (45.00) | 16 (80.00) | 9 (47.37) | 6 (31.58) |
Diabetes mellitus (yes) | 18 (18.56) | 4 (21.05) | 0 (0.00) | 7 (35.00) | 3 (15.79) | 4 (21.05) |
PM1.0 (\({\rm{\mu }}{\rm{g}}/{m}^{3}\)) | ||||||
Mean (SD) | 9.89 (9.78) | 10.45 (11.46) | 7.95 (4.55) | 10.19 (13.11) | 13.62 (11.49) | 7.33 (2.73) |
Median (q1, q3) | 6.96 (4.68, 10.79) | 7.37 (3.23, 12.30) | 6.60 (4.67, 9.96) | 6.73 (5.27, 9.74) | 9.78 (6.13, 15.49) | 6.72 (5.39, 8.68) |
PM2.5 (\({\rm{\mu }}{\rm{g}}/{m}^{3}\)) | ||||||
Mean (SD) | 10.46 (10.36) | 10.94 (12.11) | 8.44 (4.80) | 10.77 (13.79) | 14.51 (12.28) | 7.72 (2.84) |
Median (q1, q3) | 7.36 (4.98, 11.35) | 7.50 (3.31, 13.00) | 7.04 (4.92, 10.48) | 7.07 (5.75, 10.25) | 10.34 (6.44, 16.45) | 7.21 (5.67, 8.86) |
PM10 (\({\rm{\mu }}{\rm{g}}/{m}^{3}\)) | ||||||
Mean (SD) | 10.53 (10.44) | 11.03 (12.11) | 8.48 (4.83) | 10.80 (13.86) | 14.68 (12.51) | 7.75 (2.86) |
Median (q1, q3) | 7.40 (5.00, 11.35) | 7.64 (3.33, 13.03) | 7.06 (4.94, 10.49) | 7.07 (5.76, 10.27) | 10.39 (6.45, 16.62) | 7.27 (5.68, 8.92) |
TVOC (\({\rm{\mu }}{\rm{g}}/{m}^{3}\)) | ||||||
Mean (SD) | 340.92 (340.40) | 258.73 (168.78) | 361.02 (281.28) | 407.70 (467.68) | 375.10 (429.19) | 297.47 (249.85) |
Median (q1, q3) | 238.28 (130.10, 424.59) | 230.09 (142.47, 311.09) | 308.74 (149.74, 443.92) | 222.38 (127.13, 512.48) | 206.11 (112.55, 491.56) | 233.86 (112.48, 381.27) |
CO2 (ppm) | ||||||
Mean (SD) | 650.19 (272.35) | 554.08 (220.67) | 671.55 (187.44) | 595.58 (298.00) | 837.49 (326.78) | 592.95 (219.79) |
Median (q1, q3) | 615.94 (448.91, 777.40) | 495.21 (407.30, 694.08) | 624.54 (541.39, 764.96) | 472.40 (390.76, 720.93) | 758.29 (653.14, 850.40) | 521.15 (409.82, 739.18) |
Temperature (°C) | ||||||
Mean (SD) | 26.80 (3.47) | 29.57 (3.84) | 26.23 (2.00) | 26.71 (2.76) | 23.49 (3.18) | 28.05 (2.15) |
Median (q1, q3) | 26.99 (24.67, 29.08) | 29.71 (27.99, 30.99) | 26.34 (24.60, 28.02) | 26.59 (24.49, 28.68) | 24.28 (20.80, 25.51) | 28.31 (26.73, 29.86) |
Humidity (\({\rm{g}}/{m}^{3}\)) | ||||||
Mean (SD) | 40.83 (13.25) | 50.23 (13.25) | 38.14 (8.93) | 43.32 (11.05) | 26.60 (6.28) | 45.86 (12.18) |
Median (q1, q3) | 38.89 (30.89, 49.94) | 47.94 (45.07, 54.32) | 35.60 (31.30) | 43.38 (34.72, 51.14) | 28.31 (21.45, 31.22) | 45.75 (34.62, 53.35) |
Respiration Rate | 13.97 (3.01) | 14.88 (3.62) | 14.11 (1.31) | 13.74 (0.92) | 12.88 (1.11) | 14.23 (5.29) |
Heart rate | 75.39 (9.94) | 76.44 (12.96) | 78.01 (8.48) | 77.45 (8.95) | 73.97 (9.88) | 70.84 (7.29) |
Heart rate variability | ||||||
SDNN | ||||||
Mean (SD) | 138.96 (63.06) | 118.16 (52.99) | 122.78 (50.29) | 146.49 (60.35) | 144.57 (77.11) | 163.24 (63.71) |
Median (q1, q3) | 129.80 (91.68, 171.69) | 108.88 (80.13, 157.20) | 111.62 (83.90, 154.50) | 137.14 (107.87, 174.51) | 139.00 (82.96, 192.99) | 152.66 (122.06, 200.06) |
SDANN | ||||||
Mean (SD) | 98.25 (39.36) | 85.98 (38.82) | 89.66 (32.33) | 95.84 (33.70) | 108.63 (54.19) | 111.72 (28.29) |
Median (q1, q3) | 94.17 (72.32, 119.61) | 85.37 (59.34, 103.34) | 90.74 (67.95, 113.94) | 94.97 (68.88, 120.50) | 95.38 (75.11, 134.31) | 108.31 (89.21, 132.54) |
SDNNI | ||||||
Mean (SD) | 68.01 (41.11) | 59.96 (45.23) | 61.79 (38.07) | 77.92 (54.42) | 72.23 (31.47) | 67.94 (29.93) |
Median (q1, q3) | 57.16 (38.43, 84.91) | 38.70 (29.36, 83.79) | 46.98 (37.19, 76.93) | 59.73 (42.92, 99.65) | 63.89 (53.89, 83.56) | 61.18 (44.40, 93.84) |
RMSSD | ||||||
Mean (SD) | 77.37 (66.07) | 73.14 (66.05) | 63.33 (61.03) | 87.62 (82.46) | 78.62 (59.55) | 84.33 (58.08) |
Median (q1, q3) | 48.63 (26.16, 118.20) | 41.93 (21.58, 113.91) | 34.66 (21.12, 91.94) | 42.14 (26.31, 151.10) | 62.27 (28.82, 103.34) | 77.29 (29.28, 122.35) |
