Table 1 Overview of mathematical models

From: Digital twin models for predicting venetoclax and azacitidine-induced neutropenia in patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Model

Drug component

Neutrophil component

Blast component

M1

Pharmacokinetic

Baseline drug effect model24

Baseline model for leukemic cells25

M1a

Pharmacokinetic

Carrying capacityc

Carrying capacityc

M1b

Pharmacokinetic

Direct inhibitionb

Carrying capacityc

M1b_w

Pharmacokinetic

Direct inhibitionb

Interpolated datad

M1c

Pharmacokinetic

Direct inhibition

Logistic growth

M2a

Simplifieda

Baseline drug effect model

Baseline model for leukemic cells

M2b

Simplifieda

Direct inhibitionb

Carrying capacity

M2c

Simplifieda

Direct inhibitionb

Logistic growth

M2d

Simplified, venetoclax only, same effects on blasts and healthy cells

Direct inhibitionb

Logistic growth

M2b_w

Simplifieda

Direct inhibitionb

Interpolated datad

  1. aThe drug effect is proportional to its dosage (or 0 when not in treatment).
  2. bBlast cells inhibits neutrophil lineage.
  3. cCancer and normal cells compete for space as there is a maximum number of cells in the bone marrow.
  4. dPopulation of blast cells are interpolated and used as inputs in the model of neutrophil lineage.