Fig. 2: In the analysis adjusted using sIPTW, Kaplan-Meier curves were utilized to compare OS outcomes among different treatments for T1a-M3/T1b esophageal cancer.

Survival outcomes of different treatments: endoscopic therapy and esophagectomy (a), endoscopic therapy and CRT (b), endoscopic therapy and endoscopic therapy combined with CRT (c), endoscopic therapy and esophagectomy combined with CRT (d), endoscopic therapy combined with CRT and esophagectomy (e), endoscopic therapy combined with CRT and esophagectomy combined with CRT (f), endoscopic therapy combined with CRT and CRT (g), esophagectomy and CRT (h), esophagectomy and esophagectomy combined with CRT (i), and esophagectomy combined with CRT and CRT (j). sIPTW stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting, OS overall survival, CRT chemoradiotherapy.