Fig. 6: Breathing-brain coupling is shaped by the external environment.
From: Dynamic mechanisms that couple the brain and breathing to the external environment
Synchronization of brain and local breathing to the external temporal stimulus pattern (N = 21). A Increases in brain-breathing coupling during task conditions are indicated by the increase in coherence at precisely the intertrial interval of the task (i.e., 0.769 Hz). B Synchronization of the breathing activity with faster frequencies in the brain. Increases in brain-breathing coupling during task conditions are further supported by increases in the modulation index. Higher degrees of coherence and modulation indices between breathing and the Cz channel during task conditions suggest that the external task dynamics impact the brain-breathing coupling relationship. Error bars represent the 95% confidence interval.
