Fig. 5: Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis of gut microbiota composition among the sympatric species based on 16S rRNA gene amplicon analysis (LDA > 4, P < 0.05).

A taxonomic representation of statistically and biologically consistent differences between different geographical populations. Differences are represented by the color of the most abundant class. Each circle’s diameter is proportional to the taxon’s abundance and represent phylum, class, order, and family. B Histogram of the LDA scores computed for features differentially abundant among the sympatric species. LEfSe scores can be interpreted as the degree of consistent difference in relative abundance between features in the two classes of analyzed microbial communities. The histogram thus identifies which clades among all those detected as statistically and biologically differential explain the greatest differences between communities.