Fig. 2: Patterns of alate sex ratio across termites.

Sex ratios are expressed as a proportion of females, and are considered male- or female-biased for values below 0.40 or above 0.60, respectively (see methods). A Numerical population sex ratios (open circles) and their weight-corrected equivalent, either estimated from species-specific weight ratios (filled triangles) or non-specific (open triangles) (n = 73 species, 75 populations). B Maximum-likelihood phylogenetic reconstructions using full mitogenomes or single mitochondrial genes with IQ-TREE (n = 66 species, 68 populations). Asterisks indicate a significant local phylogenetic signal (at α = 0.05) using Local Moran’s I indices. Species names indicated in bold were used for model testing (Fig. 3). Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals (CI) on population sex ratios. The source data used for this figure can be found in Supplementary Data 6 (population sex ratios, CI and number of observations) and Supplementary Data 7 (the phylogenetic tree).