Fig. 4: LGG supplementation restores intestinal barrier integrity and FXR signaling in SBS mice. | Communications Biology

Fig. 4: LGG supplementation restores intestinal barrier integrity and FXR signaling in SBS mice.

From: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG maintains gut microbiota stability and promotes intestinal adaptation via activated intestinal farnesoid X receptor signaling in short bowel syndrome

Fig. 4

a Experimental design: WT mice were divided into four groups (NC normal control, LGG LGG gavage [109 CFU/day], SBS short bowel resection (SBR), SBS + LGG SBR with LGG treatment). Interventions lasted 14 days post-surgery (n = 6/group). b–f Histological analysis of jejunum, ileum, and colon on postoperative day (POD) 14. b, f H&E staining: Villus height (↑) and crypt depth (↑) of ileum in SBS + LGG vs. SBS (P < 0.01). Scale bar: 200 μm. c, e PAS staining: Goblet cell density (↑) of ileum in SBS + LGG vs. SBS. Scale bar: 100 μm d Residual jejunum, ileum, and colon length (cm): SBS + LGG > SBS (P < 0.05). g, h Western blot analysis of intestinal proteins: Occludin (tight junction protein) expression (↑) in SBS + LGG vs. SBS (P < 0.01). i, j Immunofluorescence of FXR (red) in intestinal epithelium: Nuclear FXR intensity (↑) in SBS + LGG vs. SBS (P < 0.01). Nuclei counterstained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar: 100 μm. k ELISA analysis of plasma FGF15 levels: SBS + LGG > SBS (P < 0.01). * indicated comparison with NC group and # indicates comparison with SBS group. * and # indicated P < 0.05, ** and ## indicated P < 0.01.

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