Fig. 5: Biosynthetic mechanisms of modular pheromones from P. pacificus. | Communications Biology

Fig. 5: Biosynthetic mechanisms of modular pheromones from P. pacificus.

From: Biosynthesis of modular signaling molecules requires functional diversification of carboxylesterases in Pristionchus pacificus

Fig. 5

a Long-chain ascarosides went through several cycles of peroxisomal β-oxidation pathway41 to yield short-chain ascarosides as the core structures, which could be further chemically modified by divergent carboxylesterases to produce complex modular pheromones. Ppa-daf-22 mutants did not produce any short-chain ascarosides or modular pheromones41. b In this study, Ppa-UAR-5, Ppa-UAR-12 and Ppa-UAR-6 were discovered to be involved in the biosynthesis of ubas#1-2, dasc#1, and the group of npar#1-3 and part#9 pheromones, respectively. Ppa-UAR-1 was previously found to specifically link ureidoisobutyric acid to the 4’-position of ascr#9 for the biosynthesis of ubas#349.

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