Fig. 4: Quantitative reconstruction of six molecular MRI, scanner field, and water-proton relaxation quantitative maps from a brain cancer patient scanned at a different imaging site from that used for training.

a Ground truth reference images obtained using conventional T1 and T2-mapping, WASABI (for B0 and B1 mapping), and semisolid MT MR-Fingerprinting (MRF) in 8.5 min. b The same parameter maps obtained using TBMF in merely 28.2 s (94% faster scan time). c Quantitative reconstruction using conventional supervised learning (RF tissue reponse pretraining excluded), utilizing the same raw input data used in (b) for comparison. d Statistical analysis of the SSIM, PSNR, and NRMSE performance measures, comparing the TBMF reconstructed parameter maps to reference ground truth (n = 68 brain image slices per group). In all box plots: the central horizontal lines represent median values, box limits represent upper (third) and lower (first) quartiles, whiskers represent 1.5 the interquartile range above and below the upper and lower quartiles, respectively, and all data points are plotted. ****p < 0.0001, two-tailed t-test.