Fig. 3

Synchronization of nanoparticle self-assembly and TAPB–PDA polymerization. a–c TEM images of Au/(Amor-TAPB–PDA) core/shell hybrids under the polymerization temperature of 15 °C. d Optical image of suspension of Au/(Amor-TAPB–PDA) particles. e HAADF-STEM images and EDS-STEM of Au/(Amor-TAPB–PDA) core/shell structures. f UV–Vis spectra of a mixture of Au nanoparticles and TAPB–PDA monomers before and after polymerization. g One-dimensional SAXS file of Au/(Amor-TAPB–PDA) suspension. h, i TEM images of Au/(COF-TAPB–PDA); j SEM image of Au/(COF-TAPB–PDA); k optical image of suspension of Au/(COF-TAPB–PDA) particles. Scale bar: a 2 μm; b 200 nm; c, e 100 nm; h, j 50 nm; i 20 nm