Fig. 4: Determination of ion binding interactions with protein surface.

a–d STD-NMR Epitope maps of [bmim]Cl (a), [bmpyrr][OTf] (b) and [bmim][OAc] (c,d) relative to the most intense anion (c) and cation (d) signal. (e) DEEP-STD histogram (∆STD, 6.55/0.6 ppm) of [bmim]Cl and GFP at a ligand/protein ratio of 1000:1 in D2O, with resulting differential epitope map of the numbered structure (aromatic interactions in blue, aliphatic interactions in purple).