Fig. 3: Morphologies of MMMs.

Cross-sectional SEM images of the a pure PEBAX membrane and MMMs loaded with b 0.5 wt.%, d 4 wt.%, and f 7.5 wt.% F-Ce nanosheets and c 0.5 wt.%, e 4 wt.%, and g 7.5 wt.% IL@F-Ce nanosheets.

Cross-sectional SEM images of the a pure PEBAX membrane and MMMs loaded with b 0.5 wt.%, d 4 wt.%, and f 7.5 wt.% F-Ce nanosheets and c 0.5 wt.%, e 4 wt.%, and g 7.5 wt.% IL@F-Ce nanosheets.