Fig. 4: AOR performance of the as-prepared CuO/CF.

a CV curves collected over the as-prepared CuO/CF in N2-purged 1 M KOH with and without 1 M ethanol or methanol. b SCV curves collected over the as-prepared CuO/CF in N2-purged 1 M KOH with and without 1 M ethanol or methanol. c Summary of the anodic potentials at 50, 100, 150, and 200 mA·cm-2 for the as-prepared CuO/CF in 1 M KOH with and without 1 M ethanol (EtOH) or methanol (MeOH) based on their respective SCV data. d Comparison of EOR, MOR, and OER Tafel plots obtained from their respective SCVs collected over the as-prepared CuO/CF with 100% iR correction. e Comparison with recently reported non-noble metal-based MOR and EOR catalysts, star data represent activity of the as-prepared CuO/CF (see Supplementary Table 2–3 for more details). f Summary of Faraday’s efficiencies for acetate and formate.