Fig. 1: Overall route to nirmatrelvir featuring thioester intermediates 3 and 7 en route to peptides 5 and 9, respectively.

The final conversion of 9 to nirmatrelvir (1) requires only N-Boc deprotection and trifluoroacetylation.

The final conversion of 9 to nirmatrelvir (1) requires only N-Boc deprotection and trifluoroacetylation.