Fig. 6: Regenerative effects of PUFA-plasmalogen-based particles on the in vitro PD model.

a Morphological analysis of differeciated-SH-SY5Y cells after exposure to 200 µM 6-OHDA for 30 min. Images of three groups are compared: RA/FBS(-) as a control sample, 6-OHDA (in vitro PD model using 30 min 6-OHDA exposure after incubation in serum-free medium for 24 h), and regeneration of the PD model mediated by PL-H (10 µM LNPs, 24 h incubation). b MTT results obtained following a 30 min exposure to 6-OHDA or 24 h exposure to a blank cubosome carrier and plasmalogen-loaded LNPs (PL-H and PL-C). The data are presented as a mean ratio of viable cells in the treated group (n = 6) compared to the RA/FBS(-) control group (n = 6). c Cellular viability assay in neuroprotective experiments with plasmalogen-loaded cubosome and hexosome LNPs. The MTT results were acquired after the cells were exposed to 200 µM 6-OHDA for 30 min in RA/FBS(-) medium following by 24 h incubation with PL-C and PL-H LNPs. d ROS level changes in the in vitro PD model after 24 h treatment by plasmalogen-loaded PL-C and PL-H LNPs. The data are presented as a ratio of FL1 mean fluorescent intensity in the treated group (n = 3) compared to RA/FBS(-) control group (n = 3). e Mitochondrial membrane potential changes in the in vitro PD model after 24 h recovery by cubosome PL-C and hexosome PL-H LNPs. The data is presented as a ratio of green (FL1) mean fluorescent intensity to red (FL2) mean fluorescent intensity in the treated group (n = 3) as compared to the same ratio in the RA/FBS(-) control group (n = 3). All the experiments were conducted with SH-SY5Y cells after cellular differentiation by 10 μM RA for 5 days, followed by 24 h of incubation in a serum-free medium. n indicates the number of replicates per group and the error bars represent the standard deviation. Differences were evaluated by one-way ANOVA. *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, and ***P ≤ 0.001.