Fig. 3: Van Krevelen diagrams for hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), and hydrothermal gasification (HTG) processes. | Communications Chemistry

Fig. 3: Van Krevelen diagrams for hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), and hydrothermal gasification (HTG) processes.

From: Van Krevelen diagrams based on machine learning visualize feedstock-product relationships in thermal conversion processes

Fig. 3

The HTC diagrams are established based on previous work by Li et al.71 using biodegradable waste such as sewage sludge, food waste, and manure as the investigated feedstock. The HTL diagrams are established based on previous work by Li et al.55 using biomass and biodegradable waste, including algae, sludge, food waste, and manure as the investigated feedstock. The HTG diagrams are established based on previous work by Liu et al.72 using coal as the investigated feedstock. HHV higher heating value, ER energy recovery, CR carbon recovery.

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