Fig. 5: Formation and characterization of rotaxane-type threaded wheel–axle assembly.

a Formation of rot-L2Ni2•G1•PF6 by metalation of the pseudorotaxane H4L2•G1•PF6 (axle-first method). b ESI-TOF mass spectra of (i) nthr-L2Ni2•G1•PF6, (ii) rot-L2Ni2•G1•PF6, (iii) nthr-L2Ni2•G1•PF6 + CsOTf (2 equiv), and (iv) rot-L2Ni2•G1•PF6 + CsOTf (2 equiv). c–e X-ray crystal structure of rot-L2Ni2•G1•PF6 (only one of the crystallographically independent molecules is shown). c Thermal ellipsoid plot (15% probability level), d space-filling model, and e capped stick model with peripheral groups omitted to show N–H‧‧‧O and C–H‧‧‧O interactions.