Fig. 3: Structural and morphological analysis of pristine and polarized HCCEs. | Communications Chemistry

Fig. 3: Structural and morphological analysis of pristine and polarized HCCEs.

From: Electrochemical lithium extraction from hectorite ore

Fig. 3: Structural and morphological analysis of pristine and polarized HCCEs.

A Li1s high-resolution XPS spectra pristine (black) and polarized (blue) HCCE’s. B Fe2p high-resolution XPS spectra pristine (black) and polarized (blue) HCCE’s. C Diffraction patterns of pristine HCCE (black), and HCCE after Galvanostatic polarization (blue); SiO2 (red) and CaCO3 (purple) references. D ATR-FTIR spectra pristine HCCE (black), and polarized HCCE (blue); R = Li+, Mg2+, or Fe2+.

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