Fig. 4: XPS analyses.

a N 1 s XPS spectra of APTE-glucose, fresh and used Pd/APTE-glucose; b N 1 s XPS spectra of fresh Pd/APTE-BTMO-glucose; c N 1 s XPS spectra of fresh Pd/APTE-BTMO-cellulose; d Pd 3 d XPS spectra of Pd/APTE-glucose (fresh and used); e Pd 3 d XPS spectra of Pd/APTE-BTMO-glucose (fresh and used); f Pd 3 d XPS spectra of Pd/APTE-BTMO-cellulose (fresh and used).