Fig. 3: Normalized phase and absorption modulations of the atomic polarization hologram versus x.

a Phase patterns of atomic polarization holograms when ΩM equals 5σ, 15σ, 30σ and 40σ, respectively, from left to right. Spatial distribution of ϕ(x) is manipulated by ΩM that depends on the polarization of MW. b Absorption patterns of atomic polarization holograms with the same ΩM as (a). Spatial distribution of α(x) can also be modulated by the polarization of MW. Other specific parameters are Ωp = 0.5σ, ΩR1 = ΩR2 = 10σ, Δp = ΔM = 0 and ΔPH = 10σ with σ being the decoherence rate.