Fig. 4: Visualization of a hopfion with the associated non-collinearity induced charges.
From: Unlocking hidden potential in electron holography of non-collinear spin textures
a The spin-profile on the surface of a torus (hopfion with hopfindex 1) is shown. Two planes are depicted which correspond to the cuts shown in (b, c). (d–f) show the three contributions to the induced charge for cut shown in (b), while (g, h, i) correspond to cut (c). The hopfion profile is obtained from46 which is based on the ansatz presented in47. Thereby we use R = 12 nm, wR = 7.5 nm, h = 6 nm andwh = 3.25 nm.
