Fig. 2: The activities of lipid and polysaccharide biosynthesis change during the cell cycle, peaking in S/G2/M.

a, The NAD(P)H response to CER varies during the cell cycle, suggesting that lipid biosynthesis activity peaks in S/G2/M. The plot is built analogously to Fig. 1d. The solid curve and shaded area represent the posterior mean and the region of high posterior probability (mean ± s.d.) of a Gaussian process regression summarizing the values of the markers with the help of an RBF kernel. The dashed curve is the posterior mean obtained via the same data analysis pipeline from a replicate experiment, for which we do not show the single-cell values here for the sake of simplicity but indicate the number of analyzed cells. b, The derivative of the cell surface area changes during the cell cycle, similarly to the activity of lipid biosynthesis in a. The plot is built analogously to Fig. 1a and summarizes 25 cell-cycle traces. The derivative was calculated in smoothed single-cell traces of cell surface area with cytokinesis-associated discontinuity tackled by the y axis geometric translation of the data of neighboring cell cycles. c, The NAD(P)H response to the auxin-induced Ugp1 depletion changes during the cell cycle, suggesting that cell-wall-polysaccharide biosynthesis activity peaks in S/G2/M. The synthetic auxin 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) was used to induce the Ugp1 depletion. The plot is built analogously to a and Fig. 1d. The NAD(P)H response to NAA in the control strain lacking the degron tag is essentially constant during the cell cycle (Extended Data Fig. 3).