Extended Data Fig. 2: Gut microbiome and YFAS.

a) fastANCOM microbiome differential abundance volcano plot at the family level for YFAS controlling for age, BMI, gender, and education years as covariates in the discovery cohort IRONMET-CGM. The W-statistic represents the number of times the null hypothesis is rejected (two-sided t-test) by the analysis for a given family from all K models. Beta represents the effect size given by the coefficient of the log-linear regression model of each family against the YFAS score. Dotted lines show W-statistic quantile detection thresholds: >0.6 (red), >0.7 (light blue), >0.8 (green), >0.9 (dark blue). c–e) ANCOM-BC (two-sided Z-test using the statistic W = log₂Fold Change/standard error) and b, f, g) ZicoSeq (omnibus F-statistic) microbiome differential abundance volcano plot at the family level for YFAS controlling for age, BMI, gender, and education years as covariates in b) the discovery cohort (IRONMET-CGM) c) women with obesity of the validation cohort (IRONMET) and, d, f) women and d, g) men of the discovery cohort (IRONMET-CGM). Fold change associated with a unit change in the YFAS score and log10 p values adjusted for multiple testing are plotted for each family.