Fig. 3: The fate of 13C itaconate in liver tissue.
From: In vivo itaconate tracing reveals degradation pathway and turnover kinetics
a–k, Isotopologue distribution from [U-13C5]itaconate on itaconate (a), pyruvate (b), lactate (c), alanine (d), citrate (e), α-ketoglutarate (f), glutamate (g), succinate (h), fumarate (i), malate (j) and aspartate (k) in liver tissue. l, Abundances of itaconyl-CoA, acetyl-CoA and acetyl-carnitine relative to 15 min baseline corrected to 100%. m, Labelling (1 − M0) on itaconyl-CoA, acetyl-CoA and acetyl-carnitine from [U-13C5]itaconate. In the schematic of [U-13C5]itaconate used for TCA cycle metabolism, open circles depict 12C and closed circles depict 13C. Mice were injected with 400 mg kg−1 body weight [U-13C5]itaconate. Data are presented as means; error bars, s.e.m. Tissue samples were collected at 0 min (n = 4), 15 min (n = 5) and 45 min (n = 4). P values were calculated by multiple unpaired t-tests (a–k, m) or two-way ANOVA with Fisher’s LSD post hoc test (l); *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. Exact P values are indicated in each figure panel.
