Fig. 2: Illustrating the current status quo of urban planning.

Planning is myopic to the long-term implications of urban change. It follows a fixed, linear sequence of around 20-year periods (grey circles). It may have smaller incremental time steps within to update plans due to exogenous drivers such as politics, industrial lobbies or technology. Under disruptions (in red), the planning timeframe is reset, and cities fall back on re-establishing the status quo. Due to the restrictive nature of planning, recovery processes extend into future timeframes, impeding long-term resilience goals. Hence, cities are stuck with tactical, small-scale technical planning where they continue to promote incremental alleged ’quick wins’ in urban systems with short lifecycles. Harmonization of nested temporal frames is discarded as it is too complex.