Table 3 Willingness-to-pay by stakeholder
From: Stakeholders’ perceptions of and willingness to pay for circular economy in the construction sector
Real estate | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survey question | What percentage of reduction in embodied carbon would justify what percentage cost premium to you? | |||||
Willingness-to-pay metric | Minimum | Maximum | Mean | Std Deviation | Count | Median |
Minimum embodied carbon reduction that would make you interested (%) | 25 | 100 | 52.9 | 24.55 | 8 | 50 |
The maximum increase in construction costs you are willing to pay (%) | 0 | 20 | 9.6 | 6.45 | 9 | 10 |
Design and construction | ||||||
Survey Question | If the market was willing to pay more for circular practices, at what design cost premium would you implement circular practices? | |||||
Willingness-to-pay metric | Minimum | Maximum | Mean | Std Deviation | Count | Median |
Design cost premium you would be willing to implement circular practices for (%) | 0 | 79 | 23.3 | 23.08 | 19 | 15 |
Survey Question | Assuming you will be paid a fixed rate for your design or construction services, would you be willing to absorb the costs of adopting a new circular building practice (i.e., hiring more people, research and development, machinery acquisitions, supply uncertainty)? | |||||
Willingness-to-pay metric | Minimum | Maximum | Mean | Std Deviation | Count | Median |
Fixed Rate for design and construction services you’d be willing to absorb (%) | 0 | 100 | 23.7 | 30.09 | 19 | 10 |
Materials supplier | ||||||
Survey Question | If the market was willing to pay more for reused materials, at what cost premium would you implement circular practices (storage, refurbishment, adaptation of elements for reuse)? | |||||
Willingness-to-pay metric | Minimum | Maximum | Mean | Std Deviation | Count | Median |
Cost premium you would be willing to pay more for circular practices (%) | 0 | 149 | 54.2 | 49.27 | 6 | 37.5 |
