Table 1 Overview of the 26 ENGOs included in the in-depth interviews

Online

Zero Waste Public Welfare Alliance

N1

2011

Beijing

7

3

Hefei Gaoxin Green Land Environmental Waste Separation Center

N2

2016

Hefei

7

1

Chengdu City River Research Center

N3

2003

Chengdu

5

1

Chengdu Roots and Shoots

N4

2008

Chengdu

4

1

Tianjin Xiqing District Green Neighbor Community Service Center

N5

2014

Tianjin

4

1

Green Jiangnan Public Environmental Concern Center

N6

2012

Suzhou

10

1

Mufeng Environmental Protection

N7

2017

Suzhou

3

1

Aifen Environmental Protection Technology Consulting Service Center

N8

2012

Shanghai

12

2

Yuanfang Environmental Protection Public Welfare Development Center

N9

2016

Changsha

20

1

Kunshan Lucheng Environmental Protection Volunteer Service Agency

N10

2012

Kun Shan

4

2

Shenzhen Green Guoguo Environmental Association

N11

2015

Shenzhen

12

4

Shaanxi Green Origin Environmental Protection Education Center

N12

2014

Xi’an

8

1

Zhengzhou Environmental Protection Association

N13

2013

Zhengzhou

3

1

Fujian Volunteer Association

N14

2011

Fuzhou

10

1

Woqi Foundation

N15

2017

Beijing

4

4

Face-to-face with site visits

Liangzhu Natural Academy

N16

2013

Hangzhou

4

2

Huaxianzi Community Public Welfare Service Center

N17

2018

Wuhan

4

3

Haomao Ecological Civilization Promotion Center

N18

2017

Xiamen

20

3

Qingdao You & Me Social Service Centre

N19

2010

Qingdao

3

3

A Niu Public Welfare Development Center

N20

2016

Beijing

3

2

Zero Waste Promotion Association

N21

2017

Shenzhen

22

4

Water Drop Environmental Protection Centre

N22

2020

Shenzhen

4

3

Shenzhen Special Economic Zone School of Social Work

N23

2015

Shenzhen

30

2

Vanke Foundation

N24

2017

Shenzhen

20

2

Longhua District Xinye Teenager Development Centre

N25

2021

Shenzhen

3

1

Jian Xing Ren Environmental Welfare Centre

N26

2021

Wuhan

2

1

Total

51