Table 3 Mean values and factor loadings for latent variables
From: Fostering bird friendly cities: multispecies justice through pro-environmental behaviors
Scale items | λ | Mean (SD) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Perceived functional diversitya (α = 0.87; CR = 0.87; AVE = 0.58) | 3.53 (0.77) | ||
PFD1 | The birds in my neighborhood display a variety of colors | 0.772 | 3.33 (0.99) |
PFD2 | The birds in my neighborhood have a variety of body sizes | 0.769 | 3.60 (0.92) |
PFD3 | The birds in my neighborhood make a variety of noises | 0.732 | 3.78 (0.97) |
PFD4 | The birds in my neighborhood eat a variety of plants and animals (seeds, berries, insects, rodents, other birds) | 0.794 | 3.38 (0.94) |
PFD5 | The birds in my neighborhood use a variety of methods to find food (search on ground, catch prey midair, drill into trees) | 0.731 | 3.53 (0.93) |
Ecological charismaa (α = 0.80; CR = 0.81; AVE = 0.60) | 3.95 (0.77) | ||
ECO1 | I can easily see birds in my neighborhood | 0.882 | 3.86 (0.89) |
ECO2 | I can easily hear birds in my neighborhood | 0.712 | 4.10 (0.83) |
ECO3 | I commonly encounter birds in my neighborhood | 0.697 | 3.90 (0.86) |
Aesthetic charismaa (α = 0.89; CR = 0.89; AVE = 0.58) | 3.65 (0.77) | ||
AES1 | The birds in my neighborhood are beautiful | 0.777 | 3.90 (0.91) |
AES2 | The birds in my neighborhood are impressive | 0.747 | 3.44 (0.98) |
AES3 | The birdsongs I hear in my neighborhood are pleasant | 0.769 | 3.84 (0.91) |
AES4 | I enjoy having repeated interactions with birds in my neighborhood | 0.742 | 3.57 (0.97) |
AES5 | I derive a sense of satisfaction from interacting with birds in my neighborhood | 0.642 | 3.54 (0.97) |
AES6 | I have positive memories with birds in my neighborhood | 0.728 | 3.61 (1.03) |
Self-efficacya (α = 0.81; CR = 0.81; AVE = 0.58) | 3.68 (0.75) | ||
SEF1 | I am capable of learning what is needed to protect birds near my home | 0.742 | 3.86 (0.93) |
SEF2 | I believe that my actions will make a difference in bird conservation | 0.770 | 3.51 (0.84) |
SEF3 | I can acquire the skills necessary to protect birds in my community | 0.777 | 3.67 (0.87) |
Attitudes towards managementa (α = 0.82; CR = 0.82; AVE = 0.60) | 3.64 (0.63) | ||
ATM1 | More laws should be put in place to minimize threats to local birds | 0.621 | 3.56 (0.91) |
ATM2 | Educational outreach materials should be developed to teach people how to protect local bird species | 0.650 | 3.95 (0.79) |
ATM3 | Communication should be used to persuade people to take actions to protect birds | 0.699 | 3.75 (0.84) |
Normative beliefsb (α = 0.78; CR = 0.80; AVE = 0.57) | 2.58 (0.70) | ||
SNB1 | How often do you think your neighbors try to protect birds? | 0.588 | 2.24 (0.85) |
SNB2 | How often do you think residents of your city try to protect birds? | 0.927 | 2.66 (0.83) |
SNB3 | How often do you think residents in Illinois try to protect birds? | 0.777 | 2.87 (0.81) |
