Extended Data Fig. 6: Validation of model predictions for cadmium concentrations in crops and soil solution.
(a) Comparison between predicted and measured cadmium contents in crops for 109 paired crop–soil samples, including grain–soil (red) and straw–soil (blue) pairs in 109 paired crop–soil samples. (b) Comparison between predicted and measured cadmium concentrations in soil solution extracted with CaCl2 for 136 soils, including paddy soils (red) and upland soils (blue). Values are shown on a log10 scale. The red dashed line indicates the 1:1 relationship. Sites with estimated soil clay content based on the World Soil Grid dataset are indicated by hollow symbols (est_clay), whereas measured values are shown as filled symbols (mea_clay). Outliers were excluded from the regression analyses.
