Extended Data Fig. 6: Forest plot of pooled rate ratios for individuals who received supportive and palliative care before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Two-tailed Z-scores, following a natural logarithmic transformation were used to calculate p-values, with the DerSimonian and Laird method being used to pool effect estimates. The square box represents rate ratio (RR) and the size of the box represents study weight. Diamond represents pooled RR. Dotted vertical line represents line of overall effect. Horizontal bars indicate 95% CIs of two-sided random effects meta-analyses. Vertical solid black line represents the line of no effect. Analyses of 12 studies with a combined cohort of 44,414 individuals showed an overall decrease of 70.0% (RR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.11 to 0.83) in supportive and palliative care during the pandemic with significant heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 99.5%, P < 0.01).
