Fig. 2: Characteristics of strain-induced α” martensite in Ti-12Mo-O alloys.

STEM characterization of isolated α” martensite in FG (D = 4.5 μm) Ti-12Mo-0.1 O (a–g) and Ti-12Mo-0.3 O (h–l) alloys after a plastic strain of 2.0%. In FG Ti-12Mo-0.1 O, diffraction patterns together with the key diagrams, taken from α” martensite (green circle in (a)), β intermediate layer (yellow circle) and β matrix (red circle) are shown in (b)–(d), respectively. In FG Ti-12Mo-0.3 O, diffraction patterns together with the key diagrams, taken from α” martensite (green circle in (h)) and β matrix (red circle) are shown in (i)–(j), respectively. e–g STEM images of FG Ti-12Mo specimen tilted to different β zone axis. k STEM image of FG Ti-12Mo-0.3 O specimen with the zone axes of [110]β. Magnified image of the rectangled region is shown in (l), in which misfit dislocations were indicated by white arrows. Microdiffraction technique (with an electron probe size about 1 nm) was used to identify each region. Note that the vertical lines in (k) and (l) are the artifacts caused by sample preparation using FIB.