Fig. 1: Cellulose assembly pathways.
From: Plant cell wall-inspired synthesis of biomolecular self-assembled stiff hydrogels

Schematic illustration of a the biosynthesis of plant cell walls and b this study. In both systems, cellulose chains are synthesized by enzymes and self-assemble in situ into nanofibers, which coassemble with cellulose-binding polysaccharides into higher-order structures.