Fig. 5: Electron spin properties of individual single 1D NV⁻ chain formed by SHI characterized by ODMR.

a A comparison of ESR signal of the electron spin state m_s = -1 of the NV⁻ centers probed in the area with (black dots) and without (blue dots) SHI irradiation after thermal annealing, with the external magnetic field of 70 Gauss aligned to the  <001> crystallographic orientation, and perpendicular to the 1D NV⁻ chain. Red curves correspond to the single Gaussian fitted individual resonance, with an extracted FWHM of the ESR signal of 15.7 ± 0.5 MHz and 16.4 ± 0.8 MHz probed in the area with and without SHI irradiation, respectively; b The correspondent Rabi oscillations contrast of NV⁻ spins probed in the SHI-irradiated area of sample B after thermal annealing. Red curve correspond to the sinusoidal function modulated by single exponential decay, with an extracted Rabi dephasing time of 0.3 ± 0.1 μs; c Presents the correspondent T1 relaxation contrast of NV⁻ spins probed in the SHI irradiated area of sample B after thermal annealing, by using a 200 ns π pulse calibrated by the Rabi oscillation. Red curve correspond to single exponential decay, with extracted T1 coherent time of 12.6 ± 5.5 μs; d Presents the T2 relaxation contrast of NV⁻ spins probed in the SHI-irradiated area of sample B after thermal annealing, by implementing spin echo (Hahn-echo) MW pulse sequence. Red curve correspond to the fit by single exponential decay, with extracted T2^* coherent time of 0.4 ± 0.2 μs.