Fig. 5: Structure and Interface Stability of Electrodes.

Bonding diagram of different binder cathodes: a S@PVDF cathode, b S@CMC, c S@HA cathode. Li2S nucleation tests based on different electrodes for evaluating nucleation kinetics, SEM illustration shows the deposition morphology: d PVDF, e CMC, f HA. g Dimensionless current-time transient to perform peak fitting according to theoretical 2D and 3D models, Im (peak current), and tm (time needed to achieve the peak current) detected from the current-time transients. h Synchrotron X-ray tomography of the S@HA electrode. i S 2p XPS spectra of the different binder electrode after 10th cycles.