Fig. 10: Methods to fabricate Si photoelectrodes to realize efficient PEC reactions.

a Various wet and dry fabrication methods of Si nanostructures-based photoelectrodes. b Electrochemical deposition of CoS on Si NWs for PEC HER. Current density (mA cm–2) is measured at 0 V vs. RHE. Adapted with permission from ref. 72 Copyright 2023, American Chemical Society.