Fig. 3: Changes in MOCs and heat budget terms.
From: Mitigation-driven global heat imbalance in the late 21st century
a, c, e Changes in the annual mean Eulerian mean plus eddy-induced MOC in the Atlantic (a), Indo-Pacific (c) and Southern Ocean (e) in the mean of 2051-2100 relative to mean of 2041–2050 in the MMM of the 8-model SSP534OS simulations. Annual mean Eulerian mean plus eddy-induced MOC climatology in the mean of 2041−2050 is shown in (a, c, e), respectively [contours in Sv, with a contour interval of 5 Sv in (a) and (e) but 2 Sv in (c), zero contours thickened and solid (dashed) contours indicating positive (negative) values]. b, d, f Changes in annual mean zonally integrated full-depth oceanic heat budget in the mean of 2051–2100 relative to the mean of 2041-2050: OHU (MMM: blue; inter-model spread: light blue), −∂(OHT)/∂y (MMM: red; inter-model spread: light red) where OHT means ocean heat transport and OHS (MMM: black; inter-model spread: gray) in the Atlantic (b), Indo-Pacific (d) and Southern Oceans (f) in the 8-model SSP534OS simulations. Inter-model spread is denoted by one standard derivation. The stipples in (a, c, e) refer to the regions where at least six of the eight models agree with the sign of the MMM. Curves in (b, d, f) are derived after a 5° running mean.
