Fig. 1: Study locations and conceptual framework of the effects of forest conversion on ecosystem temporal stability via soil multitrophic diversity.
From: Forest conversion-induced soil biota homogenization destabilizes ecosystem functions
a Locations of the 20 paired study sites along the east-west transect across the Yangtze River. The insect illustrates the sampling design at each site. b Conceptual framework outlining the hypothesized pathways through which forest conversion affects ecosystem temporal stability via the α- and β-diversity of soil biota functional groups (FGs). “+” and “-” denote positive and negative effects, respectively. Blue arrows represent the direct effects of forest conversion on soil biota FGs. Purple arrows represent the effects of α-diversity, and green arrows represent the effects of β-diversity on ecosystem stability. Arrow thickness indicates the relative strength of the hypothesized effect.
