Fig. 6: Changes in crop yields associated with tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) temperature variations. | Communications Earth & Environment

Fig. 6: Changes in crop yields associated with tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) temperature variations.

From: Tropical Indian Ocean forcing on North American terrestrial and agricultural productivity decline under greenhouse warming

Fig. 6

Distribution of yield anomalies for wheat (a) and corn (b) during periods of tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) warming (blue, > +0.5 s.d.) and cooling (orange, < −0.5 s.d.) from 1982 to 2018, after removing the effect of Niño 3.4 variability. The analysis is based on 10,000 bootstrap resamples, which provides a robust statistical assessment of the TIO-US yield relationship. Box-and-whisker plots indicate the minimum, lower quartile, median, upper quartile, and maximum values for each condition.

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