Fig. 6: Box model for the cycling of Cd in the surface waters of the western tropical North Atlantic.
From: Anthropogenic emissions of volatile Cd detected in western tropical North Atlantic surface seawater
The black arrows represent Cd input fluxes to the surface waters, from atmospheric deposition (Fatm) and upwelling (Fup). The gray arrows represent Cd output fluxes from the surface waters, encompassing downwelling (Fdown) and particle sinking (Fsbp). The values of fatm and fsbp denote the Cd mass fractions provided by atmospheric deposition to the total Cd input flux and by sinking biological particles to the total Cd output flux, respectively. The [Cd] and δ114Cd data denote the Cd concentrations and isotope compositions of the fluxes or reservoirs.
