Table 4 Performance result of using active learning.

From: Automated bone marrow cytology using deep learning to generate a histogram of cell types

 

Iteration 1

Iteration 2

Iteration 3

Iteration 4

Iteration 5

Iteration 6

Iteration 7

Iteration 8

Object class

Count

AP

Count

AP

Count

AP

Count

AP

Count

AP

Count

AP

Count

AP

Count

AP

Neutrophil

680

0.75

1256

0.82

1568

0.83

1756

0.85

1895

0.86

2050

0.89

2398

0.91

2714

0.90

Metamyelocyte

480

0.60

605

0.66

752

0.69

785

0.72

856

0.76

925

0.75

986

0.76

1017

0.77

Myelocyte

390

0.53

589

0.55

665

0.59

720

0.62

869

0.70

950

0.78

1015

0.79

1199

0.80

Promyelocyte

65

0.44

102

0.46

256

0.52

285

0.54

320

0.59

326

0.62

360

0.64

409

0.62

Blast

1050

0.69

1785

0.76

2029

0.78

2590

0.81

2896

0.80

3268

0.83

3526

0.84

3950

0.84

Erythroblast

620

0.72

1150

0.78

1390

0.80

1580

0.82

2028

0.89

2295

0.90

2480

0.92

2668

0.92

Megakaryocyte nucleus

5

0.32

7

0.35

18

0.52

19

0.55

19

0.55

23

0.60

23

0.59

23

0.60

Lymphocyte

390

0.47

530

0.48

689

0.50

706

0.51

780

0.52

1015

0.59

1150

0.62

1305

0.66

Monocyte

62

0.47

98

0.51

295

0.57

368

0.61

423

0.62

485

0.65

520

0.68

569

0.72

Plasma cell

29

0.57

45

0.59

50

0.61

82

0.63

105

0.67

135

0.68

158

0.71

176

0.72

Eosinophil

31

0.59

38

0.63

135

0.83

172

0.86

185

0.88

221

0.95

228

0.95

249

0.97

Megakaryocyte

25

0.49

30

0.52

90

0.77

90

0.77

92

0.78

95

0.80

100

0.81

106

0.82

Debris

1380

0.58

2680

0.62

3450

0.65

3920

0.68

4490

0.73

4901

0.77

5260

0.77

5603

0.79

Histiocyte

38

0.34

72

0.42

147

0.48

163

0.48

168

0.51

174

0.52

182

0.54

191

0.54

Platelet

790

0.41

1680

0.46

2150

0.48

2560

0.52

2890

0.58

3250

0.65

3680

0.65

3971

0.64

Platelet clump

93

0.37

146

0.41

320

0.54

409

0.56

475

0.57

536

0.58

563

0.61

585

0.62

Average

6128

0.52

10813

0.56

14004

0.64

16205

0.66

18491

0.69

20649

0.72

22629

0.74

24735

0.75

  1. Model training started with a small dataset at the first and second iteration, and then is improved (especially on rare cellular objects) in the subsequent iterations by using active learning.