Fig. 8: Histological characterization of tooth extraction wound with 800CW-pRIS-DNV treatment in mice pretreated with ZOL.

a The area of osteonecrosis is dose-dependently decreased by topical application of 800CW-pRIS-DNV. The mesial and distal sections exhibit a consistent result. Graphs present mean and standard deviation (n = 8 per group). One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Dunnett post hoc test was used. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01. b Representative histological cross-sections through the extraction socket of mesial root show a decreasing osteonecrosis area (white dotted line) and inflammatory cell infiltration (Inf, white arrows) after 800CW-pRIS-DNV topical treatment. c Immunohistochemistry of the signature transcription factors RORγt and T-bet demonstrates the presence of Th17 (red arrows) and Th1 (red arrowheads) cells, respectively in the inflammatory area of BRONJ lesion in vehicle control mice. d The inflammation index correlated with the osteonecrosis area (n = 8 animals per group; n = 16 data points per group reflecting mesial and distal measurements per animal). *p < 0.05. Source data: Supplementary Data 1, Fig. 8a, d.